J. Russell Smith

J. Russell Smith published extensive experiments with fruit and nut trees for food and fodder and was a pioneer of permaculture principles.

Joseph Russell Smith (1874-1966) was an America economist, scholar, geographer. In his 1929 book Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture, he used an antecedent term for permaculture. The book is a summarization of his extensive experiments with fruits and nuts as crops for food and fodder. Smith saw the world as an inter-related whole and suggested mixed systems of trees and crops underneath. This book inspired many individuals intent on making agriculture more sustainable, such as Toyohiko Kagawa who pioneered forest farming in the 1930s.

External Links

• Tree Crops: A Permanent Argriculture - Full 1929 text